The Unsettling Legacy of 2020: Milton Friedman’s Externalities Return to Haunt Us

Introduction:

The year 2020 will forever be etched in the annals of history as a period of unprecedented challenges and upheavals. From the devastating global pandemic to widespread social unrest and economic volatility, it seemed as though the world was caught in a vortex of chaos. In this essay, we explore the notion that 2020 represents the culmination of Milton Friedman’s externalities coming home to roost, leaving society gasping for breath in the wake of mounting consequences.

Understanding Friedman’s Externalities:

Milton Friedman, a renowned economist and Nobel laureate, championed the concept of economic freedom and minimal government intervention in markets. He argued that free-market capitalism, driven by self-interest and competition, would produce the most efficient outcomes for society as a whole. However, Friedman’s philosophy also downplayed the potential negative externalities that could arise from unregulated markets.

Externalities, in economic terms, refer to the unintended costs or benefits imposed on third parties as a result of economic activity. These externalities can manifest in various forms, such as pollution, inequality, and market failures. Friedman’s laissez-faire approach emphasized individual freedoms and profit-maximization, often neglecting the long-term consequences and external costs associated with unbridled capitalism.

The Unforeseen Consequences of 2020:

As 2020 unfolded, it became increasingly apparent that the world was grappling with a plethora of externalities, many of which can be traced back to Friedman’s ideological influence. Let us explore three key areas where his ideas have contributed to the challenges faced in the year 2020:

1. Economic Inequality:

Friedman’s staunch advocacy for limited government intervention inadvertently perpetuated widening wealth disparities. The pandemic exposed the stark inequality present in societies worldwide. The burden of the crisis disproportionately fell on the most vulnerable populations, who lacked access to healthcare, stable employment, and social safety nets. The chasm between the haves and the have-nots grew even wider, underscoring the flaws in a system that prioritizes profit over social well-being.

2. Environmental Degradation:

Friedman’s emphasis on economic growth and profit maximization disregarded the environmental consequences of unregulated industries. The winning exhaust he referred to metaphorically represents the mounting pollution and ecological damage caused by industries chasing short-term gains. The 2020 wildfires ravaging Australia and the United States, the worsening climate change effects, and the loss of biodiversity all stand as testament to the externalities left unaddressed by Friedman’s philosophy.

3. Fragility of Globalized Systems:

The interconnectedness of the global economy, another consequence of Friedman’s advocacy for liberalized trade and globalization, was laid bare in 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic quickly spread across borders, wreaking havoc on economies and healthcare systems worldwide. The overreliance on global supply chains, driven by the pursuit of cheap labor and reduced costs, left nations vulnerable to disruptions, illustrating the fragility of a system largely unconstrained by considerations of resilience and self-sufficiency.

Conclusion:

The year 2020 can indeed be seen as the “mother of all Milton Friedman’s externalities coming home to roost.” The COVID-19 pandemic, economic inequality, environmental degradation, and the fragility of global systems all reflect the consequences of an economic framework that prioritized short-term gains and market efficiency over long-term sustainability and societal well-being.

The events of 2020 serve as a clarion call for a reevaluation of economic paradigms and the need for a more holistic approach to policymaking. It is imperative to strike a balance between economic freedom and responsibility, where the negative externalities of economic activities are taken into account.

Challenging the Myth of Limitless Growth

Expansion is the answer to every question, the solution to all problems, especially those caused by expansion.

— Bravo Johnson (@BravoJohnson5) September 20, 2020

Introduction: Expansion, often heralded as a panacea, has been touted as the answer to every question and the solution to all problems. Its allure lies in the promise of boundless opportunities and the conquest of vast territories. However, a deeper examination reveals a paradoxical nature that demands scrutiny. While expansion has historically been viewed as a source of progress and development, it is essential to critically assess its consequences, especially in light of the challenges and limitations posed by our present reality.

The Illusion of Infinite Potential: Expansion holds an inherent allure rooted in the belief that unlimited resources and empty spaces await human colonization. It feeds into our innate desire for exploration, conquest, and discovery. Yet, this vision of limitless growth obscures the reality that our planet, with its finite resources and delicate ecosystems, cannot sustain perpetual expansion. The myth of boundless potential blinds us to the consequences of our actions, leading to the exploitation of natural resources, environmental degradation, and social inequalities.

The Ecological Toll: Unrestrained expansion disregards the ecological constraints and delicate balance of nature. As we encroach upon untouched lands, pristine habitats are destroyed, biodiversity is threatened, and ecosystems are disrupted. Expanding without regard for ecological consequences disrupts the intricate web of life, endangering not only countless species but also our own long-term survival. Recognizing the fragility and interconnectedness of our planet is vital to addressing the adverse effects of expansion.

Social and Cultural Implications: The notion of expansion as a universal solution fails to account for the social and cultural ramifications it brings. The relentless pursuit of growth often exacerbates existing inequalities, perpetuating a cycle of exploitation and marginalization. Displacement of indigenous communities, loss of cultural heritage, and widening socioeconomic gaps are prevalent consequences of expansion. Ignoring the human costs of unchecked growth threatens social cohesion and creates a world marred by injustice and inequality.

Psychological Implications: Our psychological preparedness for the end of the myth of unlimited expansion is an aspect often overlooked. The idea of unbounded possibilities has shaped our collective imagination and influenced our aspirations for centuries. The realization that we must confront the limits of growth and explore alternative paths can be disorienting and unsettling. Our current societal structures, economic systems, and individual identities are intricately tied to the concept of expansion. Navigating this shift demands introspection, adaptability, and reimagining our relationship with progress.

Embracing a Sustainable Future: To address the challenges posed by expansion, we must transition towards a more sustainable and inclusive future. This requires reevaluating our values, promoting responsible consumption, and embracing practices that prioritize conservation and regeneration. Rather than blindly seeking to expand our dominion, we should focus on nurturing the environments and communities we inhabit, recognizing the inherent worth of nature and diversity.

Conclusion: While expansion has been deeply ingrained in our collective consciousness, it is imperative to confront its limitations and the consequences it entails. The myth of boundless growth perpetuates ecological degradation, social injustices, and an unsustainable mindset. By acknowledging these challenges, we can shift our focus towards a more holistic understanding of progress, one that emphasizes balance, resilience, and the preservation of our shared planet. Only through such introspection and transformation can we forge a sustainable path forward, transcending the fallacy of limitless expansion and embracing a future that is truly harmonious with both humanity and nature.

Title: Survival as a Political Act: Navigating the Intersection of Power and Existence

Introduction: Survival, the fundamental instinct of all living beings, extends beyond mere physical endurance. In a complex and interconnected world, where power dynamics shape the very fabric of society, survival itself becomes a political act. This essay explores the multifaceted relationship between survival and politics, highlighting the ways in which individuals and communities navigate power structures to secure their existence and protect their rights.

The Interplay of Power and Survival: Politics encompasses the distribution and exercise of power, influencing the allocation of resources, the formulation of policies, and the establishment of societal norms. Within this context, the act of survival becomes inherently political, as individuals and groups strive to secure their basic needs and protect their well-being within existing power structures. Whether it be accessing healthcare, ensuring food security, or safeguarding personal safety, survival is intimately intertwined with the exercise of power.

Marginalized Communities and Survival: The political dimension of survival becomes even more pronounced for marginalized communities. Socioeconomic disparities, discrimination, and systemic oppression often exacerbate the challenges faced by these communities in their struggle for survival. Marginalized groups must navigate complex power dynamics and advocate for their rights to ensure equal access to resources, opportunities, and protections. Their survival becomes a resistance against oppressive systems and an assertion of their inherent worth and dignity.

Environmental Concerns and Survival: In the face of global environmental crises, the act of survival takes on a planetary dimension. The depletion of natural resources, climate change, and ecological imbalances pose existential threats to humanity and countless species. The survival of ecosystems and the preservation of a habitable planet necessitate political action, demanding collective efforts to address environmental degradation, promote sustainable practices, and hold accountable those responsible for ecological harm.

Humanitarian Crises and Survival: In times of humanitarian crises, such as armed conflicts, displacement, or natural disasters, the political dimension of survival is starkly evident. The response of governments, international organizations, and civil society to these crises directly impacts the survival of affected populations. Access to humanitarian aid, protection from violence, and the restoration of essential services become critical elements in ensuring the survival and well-being of those affected.

The Empowerment of Collective Action: Survival as a political act is not limited to individual efforts but encompasses collective action. Through organized movements, advocacy, and social mobilization, communities come together to challenge power structures, demand change, and secure their survival. Grassroots movements, human rights campaigns, and social justice initiatives exemplify the power of collective action in shaping political landscapes and transforming the conditions necessary for survival.

Conclusion: Survival, far from being an isolated personal endeavor, is deeply entwined with politics. The quest for survival requires individuals and communities to engage with power structures, challenge inequalities, and demand justice. By recognizing the political nature of survival, we acknowledge the interdependence of power and existence. Through informed political engagement, collective action, and the pursuit of equitable and just societies, we can strive to create a world where survival is not merely a struggle, but a shared responsibility towards the preservation of humanity and the flourishing of all.

While social realism focuses on portraying the realities of society, soap operas delve into the dramatic lives of characters. In this essay, we explore the intriguing intersection between these genres, arguing that social realism, at times, verges on the edge of horror due to the unsettling portrayal of human struggles. By examining the elements that contribute to this convergence, we gain insight into the powerful narratives that blend realism and the heightened emotions of soap opera storytelling.

Social realism is a genre of art and literature that aims to portray the struggles, challenges, and inequalities prevalent in society. It delves into the lives of ordinary individuals, often marginalized or disenfranchised, and sheds light on their experiences. The narratives in social realism seek to create empathy, raise awareness, and provoke critical reflection on social issues. By presenting the harsh realities of poverty, injustice, and human suffering, social realism exposes the darker side of society.

On the other hand, soap operas are known for their heightened emotional narratives, often focusing on intricate relationships, love triangles, and family dynamics. Soap operas thrive on melodrama, incorporating elements of romance, suspense, and intense emotional conflicts. The exaggerated storytelling techniques and ongoing plotlines captivate audiences, creating addictive and emotional viewing experiences.

In certain instances, social realism intersects with the soap opera genre, resulting in a convergence that verges on horror. This occurs when the struggles and hardships depicted in social realism narratives are intensified and heightened through dramatic storytelling techniques. The everyday tragedies faced by characters become amplified, generating a sense of unease and discomfort in the audience. The boundary between realism and sensationalism blurs, and the portrayal of human suffering takes on a haunting quality.

The convergence of social realism and soap opera elements creates a narrative landscape where human struggles are magnified to an unsettling extent. The heightened emotions and dramatic twists characteristic of soap operas inject a sense of horror into the portrayal of social issues. The audience is confronted with the raw intensity of characters’ pain, anguish, and despair, drawing them into a world that is simultaneously relatable and nightmarish.

Impact and Reflection: By verging on horror, social realism draws attention to the urgency of addressing societal problems. The emotional impact created by the convergence with soap opera elements lingers, leaving a lasting impression on viewers. It prompts reflection on the realities depicted and stirs a collective desire for change. The combination of realism and heightened drama provides a powerful platform for social commentary and encourages conversations about the complexities of the human condition.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/They_(Heinlein)…

An inmate is telling his psychiatrist that the whole world is in a conspiracy to make him do things he doesn’t want to do. The latter is drawing him out, trying to get at the basis of the persecution complex from which the inmate is obviously suffering.

Everyone is plotting against him, and they always have. When he was a kid, the other children dropped their games when he came around, and stood off by themselves, whispering and looking at him. When he entered a room where adults were talking, they stopped until he had left-

The psychiatrist laughs: Well, there’s nothing very unusual about that. Oh, but that isn’t all, says the nut. When I entered college they wouldn’t let me study the things I wanted to. They made me study the things that- But you had to be equipped for a job, says the psychiatrist.

No, i didn’t, insists the lunatic. When I got out, I got a job, and it didn’t make sense, and they made me stay there against my will. They? Who are they, anyhow? Well, my wife and my employer and all the Others. Maybe you were in on it, too.

I see, says the psychiatrist. But how do you mean-the job didn’t make sense? Why it just didn’t. I slept all night so that I could be rested enough to go to work in the morning, and I got up and ate breakfast so that I’d have strength enough to get through until noon,

and at noon I ate so that I’d have strength enough to get through the afternoon, and I went home at night and ate and slept again so that I could go to work the next morning, and the money I made was just enough to keep me strong and rested so that I could work

The psychiatrist throws up his hands: But those things are true of any job. No, no, says the patient. No, they’re not. There is work that does make sense. I know there is, if I could just find it. They are keeping me from it. They keep putting things in my path.

Making me see things that aren’t real. Trying to make me do something I don’t want to do. The psychiatrist gets up and walks out. Then comes the final scene: The man’s wife, his employer, his college teachers, and a host of other demons-yes, demons-are in conclave.

There is a plot. He’s getting on to us, says the wife. I think he’s going to run away again. What’ll we do this time? Let him go, says the psychiatrist. We’ll get him back. We always get ’em back.

An Evolutionary Soundscape Beyond Retro Boundaries

Introduction: In the vast realm of music, genres have served as markers to categorize and identify particular styles, sounds, and influences. However, the ever-evolving nature of music continually pushes boundaries, leading to the emergence of innovative sonic expressions. In this essay, we explore the concept of “Genre Zero,” a groundbreaking musical space that defies traditional retro associations. It encompasses bands that effortlessly traverse genres such as Folk, Blues, Rock’n Roll, Psychedelic Rock, Garage Rock, Acid Rock, Progressive Rock, Psychedelic Pop, and Heavy Metal, while offering a fresh and forward-thinking approach. Let us delve into this captivating realm, where artistic evolution flourishes beyond the confines of nostalgia.

1. Breaking Retro Shackles: In the world of music, nostalgia often dominates discussions surrounding certain genres. Retro styles pay homage to the past, channeling influences from iconic periods and artists. However, Genre Zero boldly transcends these boundaries by infusing a range of diverse influences into a contemporary context. It acknowledges the past but refuses to be confined by it, pushing forward to create a new sonic landscape that embodies the spirit of innovation.
2. The Evolutionary Spectrum: Genre Zero serves as a dynamic melting pot, allowing bands to seamlessly blend elements from Folk, Blues, Rock’n Roll, Psychedelic Rock, Garage Rock, Acid Rock, Progressive Rock, Psychedelic Pop, and Heavy Metal. The result is a captivating fusion that builds upon the foundations of these genres while introducing new sonic dimensions and experimental approaches. This evolutionary spectrum challenges conventional notions of categorization and encourages artists to explore uncharted musical territories.
3. Unleashing Musical Experimentation: Genre Zero embraces a spirit of musical experimentation, providing artists with a canvas to venture beyond established norms and push creative boundaries. By incorporating diverse influences, artists can blend traditional instrumentation, unconventional sounds, complex arrangements, and thought-provoking lyrics, creating a sonic tapestry that defies genre limitations. The freedom to experiment encourages innovation and sparks a fresh wave of creativity.
4. Sonic Diversity and Eclecticism: One of the defining characteristics of Genre Zero is its rich sonic diversity and eclecticism. Bands within this realm navigate seamlessly between Folk-inspired acoustic ballads, Blues-infused guitar riffs, Rock’n Roll energy, mind-bending Psychedelic explorations, and the heavy intensity of Metal, all while maintaining a distinct contemporary edge. This amalgamation of styles reflects the ever-expanding musical universe, celebrating the beauty of eclecticism and the power of artistic synthesis.
5. Challenging Perceptions and Inspiring New Directions: Genre Zero challenges the perception that innovation in music must be detached from established genres. By recontextualizing and reimagining elements from various genres, artists within Genre Zero inspire new directions and sonic possibilities. Their ability to break free from retro associations allows for fresh interpretations and reinvigorates the musical landscape. In doing so, they create an environment where experimentation is valued, and the audience is encouraged to explore and embrace the unknown.

Conclusion: Genre Zero is a groundbreaking concept that embraces musical evolution beyond the confines of retro associations. By traversing Folk, Blues, Rock’n Roll, Psychedelic Rock, Garage Rock, Acid Rock, Progressive Rock, Psychedelic Pop, and Heavy Metal without the retro limitations, bands within this realm forge a new sonic path. They challenge traditional categorizations, encourage experimentation, and inspire fresh perspectives. Genre Zero represents the ever-evolving nature of music, where artistic innovation flourishes, and sonic boundaries are constantly pushed. Let us embrace this captivating realm and celebrate the transformative power of music unrestrained by nostalgia.

The Fleeting Nature of Victories in 4th Generation Warfare: Capturing 15 Minutes of Win

Introduction: In the realm of warfare, traditional notions of victory and defeat have been reshaped by the emergence of 4th Generation Warfare (4GW). This form of asymmetric warfare presents unique challenges where victories are transient and difficult to sustain. In this essay, we explore the concept that in 4GW, capturing fleeting moments of triumph, often limited to just 15 minutes, becomes a crucial aspect of strategic success. By examining the nature of 4GW and its distinct characteristics, we unravel the complexities and implications of these ephemeral victories.

1. The Shifting Landscape of Warfare: 4th Generation Warfare is characterized by the erosion of traditional state-centric conflicts and the rise of non-state actors, unconventional tactics, and ideological battles. Unlike conventional warfare, 4GW blurs the lines between combatants and civilians, utilizes information warfare and propaganda, and emphasizes asymmetric strategies over conventional military might. This dynamic and fluid environment presents challenges for both conventional and insurgent forces.
2. The Transience of Victories: In 4GW, victories are ephemeral and transient, often lasting only for short durations. The nature of asymmetric warfare allows non-state actors to employ hit-and-run tactics, guerrilla warfare, and decentralized networks, making it challenging for conventional forces to achieve lasting dominance. These victories are often localized and tactical, rather than strategic, in nature. The ever-changing nature of the battlefield means that moments of triumph can quickly dissipate, requiring constant adaptation and responsiveness.
3. The Power of Perception: In 4GW, victories are not solely measured in terms of territorial gains or enemy casualties but also in terms of the psychological impact and perception created. Information warfare and the manipulation of narratives play a crucial role in shaping public opinion and influencing the outcome of conflicts. These fleeting moments of triumph can be magnified and amplified through media channels and have the potential to shape the overall perception of a conflict, even if the tactical gains are short-lived.
4. The Importance of Adaptation: Due to the dynamic nature of 4GW, adaptability becomes a key determinant of success. Both conventional and non-state actors must constantly adjust their strategies, tactics, and technologies to respond to changing circumstances. Flexibility and the ability to exploit fleeting opportunities for victory become critical in this form of warfare. The ability to identify vulnerabilities and strike at the right moment allows actors to capture those 15 minutes of win.
5. The Strategic Implications: The transience of victories in 4GW poses challenges for policymakers and military strategists. Traditional metrics of success and failure may not be applicable in this complex landscape. Understanding the nuances of 4GW is crucial to developing effective strategies that focus on long-term stability, building trust with local populations, countering propaganda, and addressing the root causes of conflict. Recognizing the limits of fleeting victories can help inform decision-making and shape realistic expectations.

Conclusion: In the realm of 4th Generation Warfare, capturing moments of triumph becomes a delicate and elusive task. The transient nature of victories, limited to mere minutes, demands constant adaptation, agility, and a keen understanding of the changing dynamics of the battlefield. By acknowledging the fluidity of conflicts, embracing the power of perception, and prioritizing adaptability, actors can navigate the complexities of 4GW and strive for strategic success beyond fleeting moments of triumph.

Reading this now: X-ray Architecture: Colomina suggests that we should look to the dominant obsessions about illness and the latest techniques of imaging the body―and ask what effects they may have on the way we think about the world https://t.co/cjOWJIG1NM

— Bravo Johnson (@BravoJohnson5) September 14, 2020

“What a relief to have nothing to say, the right to say nothing, because only then is there a chance of framing the rare, or ever rarer, the thing that might be worth saying.”

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, an ever-enthralling tale of discarded waste floating aimlessly through the vast ocean. Its difficult not to draw parallels between this colossal flotsam and jetsam of debris and the plethora of lackluster literary works that inundate our digital platforms?

The Grand Odyssey of Pointlessness:

Within the vast expanse of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a palpable silence ensues. In the absence of verbal expression, the patch becomes a metaphorical canvas, inviting us to reflect upon the consequence of our consumption-driven society. The immense accumulation of waste whispers a sobering truth, forcing us to confront our complicity in the degradation of our planet.

Just as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch drifts aimlessly through the ocean currents, the vast expanse of mediocre writing roams the digital realm, lacking purpose and direction. Endless pages of banality and verbosity fill our screens, leaving us wondering how such an abundance of literary flotsam has managed to accumulate. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, in its silent presence, acts as a mirror, urging us to examine the voids in our own discourse. It challenges us to reevaluate the value we place on our words and the necessity of speaking only when it truly matters.

Size Does Matter:

One cannot ignore the sheer magnitude of both the Garbage Patch and the mountainous pile of subpar prose. The Garbage Patch spans millions of square kilometers, dwarfing the literary works of countless uninspired scribblers. But alas, size alone does not equate to quality. Much like the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, these writings float without purpose, cluttering the literary landscape and robbing us of valuable time and intellectual nourishment. In a world of incessant chatter, finding the “rare, or ever rarer” thing worth saying becomes a daunting task. Similarly, amidst the vast expanse of debris in the Garbage Patch, the search for the few significant voices fighting for environmental consciousness becomes imperative. It is within this rarity that the potential for transformation and positive change resides.

The Deceptive Colors:

While the Garbage Patch may deceive marine life with its hues, evoking the false promise of sustenance, so too do the mediocre writers. They cloak their substandard prose with flashy vocabulary and poetic pretensions, luring unsuspecting readers into a vortex of tediousness. We are tempted to taste the literary morsels, only to be left unsatisfied, realizing we have been duped by the empty promises of these so-called wordsmiths.

Ecological Impact versus Intellectual Drain:

While silence may be a refuge for contemplation, the urgency of the environmental crisis demands vocalization. The Garbage Patch serves as a tangible manifestation of the consequences of our apathy and unsustainable practices. It compels us to break the silence and advocate for sustainable solutions, challenging the systems that perpetuate the degradation of our oceans. As the Garbage Patch wreaks havoc on marine life and ecosystems, one might argue that the proliferation of mediocre writing inflicts a comparable toll on our intellectual and literary landscape. These pages of mind-numbing mediocrity divert attention and resources from genuine literary treasures, drowning the voices of talented authors in a sea of banality.

In the face of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, silence can become a powerful catalyst for self-reflection. It provides a space to confront our own consumption habits, to question the excesses of our throwaway culture, and to reorient our relationship with the natural world. In the absence of words, we can cultivate a deep sense of awareness and embark on personal journeys of change.

Conclusion: The Great Pacific Garbage Patch serves as a metaphorical embodiment of the intersection between silence and speech. Gilles Deleuze’s quote invites us to embrace the relief of not having something to say, to recognize the rarity of meaningful expressions. However, when faced with environmental crises such as the Garbage Patch, silence must yield to action. Both entities share a sense of aimlessness, sizeable proportions, and the potential to deceive. While the Garbage Patch poses a significant threat to our oceans, the ocean of mediocre writing poses a different but equally damaging threat to our humanity.